Le portail francophone de la géomatique

Cet ouvrage est issu des travaux de l'équipe CNRS Modélisation et Traitement Graphique en Géographie (MTG). Pour le vingtième anniversaire de l'équipe, il propose une réflexion d'étape sur la confrontation de la recherche avec le travail concret qui est demandé aux géographes dans la gestion du territoire, et, à partir de là, sur les nouveaux horizons ouverts par l'évolution des techniques informatiques. Les modèles de simulation fondés sur les automates cellulaires et les systèmes multi-agents mettent sur la voie de nouvelles méthodes d'investigation de la complexité des systèmes spatiaux, en fournissant le moyen de pratiquer, comme dans d'autres sciences, une vérification expérimentale des hypothèses avancées. Ils nous poussent ainsi à repenser nos objets d'étude et à poser un regard neuf sur les phénomènes sociaux.

Préface. Le goût de la mesure et du modèle -N. Mathieu. Présentation. Terres promises. La place de la modélisation en ... Lire la suite

Understanding and predicting the behaviour of natural and human environmental systems is crucial for the effective management of the Earth’s limited resources. Recently, great advances have been made through spatial modelling. This book provides a snapshot of the latest research in modelling technologies and methodologies within five environmental fields; the cryosphere, hydrology, geomorphology, vegetation interfaces and urban environments.
Spatial Modelling of the Terrestrial Environment deals with the use of remote sensing, numerical models and GIS in addressing important natural and human environmental sciences issues, focusing on the theory and application of modelling remotely sensed data within the context of environmental processes. Extensive case material exemplifies the latest research and modelling paradigms presented in the book.

Addresses important research themes through a series of applications.
Presents a range of spatial modelling ... Lire la suite

This book concerns the use of graphs for the simulation and representation of mainly transport networks. The aim of the book is to treat networks in both spatial analysis and urban management, together with the simulation by graph theory, a tool that makes it possible to solve various classic problems such as high-speed roads between one or more origins and destinations, the capacity of a network, etc. It is also possible to apply these results to other applications such as personal networks and communications networks.
Part 1. Graph theory and the modeling of networks:
1. The variability of road networks: application to London -M. Appert, L. Chapelon.
2. Modeling of displacement on a stepladder -F. Decoupigny.
3. Determination of optimum pathways in a time delay graph -H. Baptiste.
4. Modeling of a transport system and its effects on an urban system -H. Baptiste.
Part 2. Graph theory and the representation of networks:
5. ... Lire la suite

From environmental management to land planning and geo-marketing, the number of ap-pli-ca-tion domains that may benefit from using data enriched with spatio-temporal features is expanding very rapidly. Unfortunately, development of new spatio-temporal applications is hampered by the lack of conceptual design methods suited to cope with the additional comp-lexity of spatio-temporal data, which is obviously due to the particular semantics of space and time, but also to the need for multiple represen-ta-tions of the same reality to address the diversity of requirements from highly heteroge-neous user communities. Conceptual design methods are also needed to facilitate the ex-change and reuse of existing data sets, a must in geographical data management due to the high col-lection costs of the data. Yet, current practice in areas like geographical in-formation sys-tems or moving objects databases does not in-clude conceptual design meth-ods very well, if at all. This book shows that a ... Lire la suite